COSMIC ANCESTRY | Quick Guide | Site Search | What'sNEW - Index | by Brig Klyce | All Rights Reserved

Index of What'sNEW in Cosmic Ancestry

2 0 1 3	It is surprising to have large, potentially complex fossils that far back | Where is the evidence for new genetic programming? | A large fraction of human PSs were already present.... | All gene trees differ from species phylogeny | The enormous scale of the invasion of vertebrate genomes by viral sequences.... | New pieces of the Polonnaruwa meteorite | TEs... have contributed hundreds of thousands of novel regulatory elements to the primate lineage.... | The origin of...? | We don't fully understand how evolution works. | Earth was seeded by panspermia. | Fragments of the Polonnaruwa meteorite JAN-MAR: The world is beginning to notice Polonnaruwa | David S. McKay died | Life in Lake Vostok | Chemical analysis of apparent biological fossils in the Polonnaruwa meteorite | ..."live without dividing for millions to tens of millions of years." | A fragment ...has unearthly isotope ratios | We discovered massive transfers of a DNA transposon.... | Viruses ...only about 1% are actually pathogenic | Thomas Nagel questions the adequacy of neo-darwinan evolution | Life Under Antarctic Ice | ...Two challenges concerning the Polonnaruwa meteorite | A drill team in Antarctica has reached Lake Whillans | Many of our genes ...where did they come from? | Polonnaruwa update and photo from Huntsville | "Bad Astronomy"... | An early TV news report of the Polonnaruwa meteorite | More about the Polonnaruwa meteorite | Chandra Wickramasinghe talks about the Polonnaruwa meteorite | A carbonaceous meteorite ...contains fossilized diatoms | The Russian Academy of Sciences will conduct biological experiments in space | A retrotransposon was transferred at least nine times
2 0 1 2	OCT-DEC: Evolution... by James A. Shapiro | Two new origin-of-life research programs are proposed | James A. Shapiro quote | More than 1,000 genes in choanoflagellates appear to have arrived by transfer | Archaea acquired more than 1,000 genes by transfer from eubacteria | Life does fine in sub-zero brine | Some regulatory sequences in the human genome have no identifiable orthologs.... | Bdelloid rotifers have acquired genes from more than 500 species | 910 genes apparently transferred from prokaryotes, fungi or viruses.... | Diverse bacteriophages carry genes for proteins "targeting the eukaryotic nucleus" | No methane on Mars? | A simple route to animal vision? | Evolution by subfunctionalization | Richard Hoover responds to Caleb Scharf's blog | Kluger articled in TIME | ....Life on Earth may have originated beyond our solar system JUL-SEP: ...The evolution of aerobic citrate metabolism among cloned bacteria | Neil DeGrasse Tyson endorses panspermia | Very large viruses coexisted with or preceded the first primordial cells | The horizontal flow of genes is a part of the story of life | ...Consistent with the 'complexity early' view of eukaryotic evolution | Almost 80% of the genome is biochemically active.... | The Curiosity rover landed in Gale Crater on Mars | ...The genome of the Poriferan demosponge... contains an almost complete set of genes homologous to those found in mammalian synapses | ...It's how to make sense of what they already know | Arsenic-loving bacterium needs phosphorus after all. | The evolution of RNA viruses is more promiscuous than we knew. APR-JUN: Titan has a liquid ocean | A muscle protein core set... was already present in unicellular organisms | ESA... is giving credibility to theories that life came from outer space | miRNAs from plants can enter animal cells and regulate their metabolic processes | ...article about Chandra Wickramasinghe's work on panspermia | An interview with Gerald Joyce | Very young galaxies contain the heavy elements needed for life.... | Did Mars ever support life? | A live interview about nomad or rogue planets | Proving Darwin by Gregory Chaitin | Viable aerobic bacteria ...buried 86 million years ago | Sutter's Mill meteorite | The definition of life and speculations about its origin(s)... | Life-bearing planets... | A new Mars meteorite may contain biological fossils | Do supernovae enhance the rate of speciation? | ...A mission to Mars with a strong and comprehensive life detection component | ...several experts ...about fossilized microorganisms in carbonaceous meteorites.... | ...Life from Earth could have seeded other planets | Tennessee has passed a law.... | ...Globally shared standing genetic variation | Jacques Barzun quotation JAN-MAR: Is there life elsewhere? How did life start…? | ...About 40% of all red dwarf stars have a super-Earth orbiting in the habitable zone | No theory is too special to question | ...The contribution of EVEs to cellular function... is exceeding even the boldest predictions | William Bateson quotation | The origin of the exquisitely complex vertebrate brain.... | The standard RNA World theory is disputed | ...Amino acids in carbon-rich meteorites ...high temperatures | ...A minimum of four independent lateral gene transfers... | An insect species acquired a beneficial gene... | First Contact by Marc Kaufman | Experimenters with ...a quarantined system report a breakthrough | Plant tissue frozen in Siberia for 32,000 years has been revived | Methane on Mars | Dimitar Sasselov's The Life of Super-Earths | Astrobiology XV at SPIE | Evidence for microfossils in meteorites gets a laughable rebuttal.... | Imaginative question | A Russian team ...reached the water of Lake Vostok | ...A vast population of free-floating giant planets.... | ...Stars are orbited by planets as a rule, rather than the exception. | The mechanisms for this increase in complexity are incredibly simple, common occurrences
2 0 1 1	OCT-DEC: ...pathogens may be advantageous to ...hosts through effective HGT events.... | ...Different rare species living in freshwater ...all leave DNA traces in their environment.... | The Baruch Blumberg Chair in Astrobiology | The data from every direction.... | Lynn Margulis died | Contact with Phobos-Grunt | Where do new genes come from? | Phobos is in trouble | ...Genes that were supposed to be exclusive to metazoans that are already present in their single-cell relatives | Theoretically, this is impossible | New genes are preferentially expressed... | A water ice reservoir equivalent to several thousand Earth oceans | Consensus is for textbooks.... | BCAB Newsrelease | Panspermia might reconcile creationism and neo-Darwinism | Neopanspermia and pathospermia | The protein was there to begin with | Snow has been falling on Enceladus for up to 100 million years JUL-SEP: Single-stranded circular DNA viruses have entered eukaryotic genomes many times | More than 1500 genes necessary for the evolution of pregnancy | The Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology (BCAB) | A gene for nervous systems before there were nervous systems | Antibiotic resistance genes are much older than modern antibiotics | ...Adaptive introgression of archaic alleles... | Panspermia is more likely... | Fossilized microorganisms that are 3.4 billion years old | Water flowing on Mars today | DNA in space | ...Ancestral genes can control HGT | AbSciCon 2012 | TEs appear to have installed ...99 different primate-specific traits | NASA mission to ...an asteroid | A new video about panspermia | Genetic instructions for developing limbs and digits were present ...millions of years before | The Joint Conference of ISSOL and Bioastronomy | A video about viruses and evolution | Origin-Of-Life prize of 50,000 dollars MAY-JUN: Astrobiology XIV | Enceladus's plumes come from a salty ocean | ...Two powerful competitors ...in a stable, mutually beneficial dance | A young star ...spewing jets of water into space | ...The tool kit for more complex plant architectures was already in place.... | YouTube video | The evolutionary transition ...required the acquisition of 3006 genes | Fragments of the Tagish Lake meteorite contain amino acids that are predominantly left-handed | Chris McKay quote | Tiny worms have been found as deep as 3.6 km below Earth's surface | ...We might be Martians.... | ...few, if any, of their essential [photosynthesis] components are completely new | ...more functional protein domains than the first cells! | DiRuggiero quote | ...probably even before the advent of multicellularity | Project BIOKIS | ...Viruses contain a genetic archive.... | Methane on Mars may come from life in surface fractures | Feyrabend quote MAR-APR: An analysis by Michael Behe | Bacteria can grow at 400,000 Gs | Did transposons come from viruses? | Natural selection... doesn't create | Jerry Coyne's blog | Nothing yet from Michigan State University | review of Virolution by Frank Ryan | J.B.S. Haldane quote | Richard B. Hoover quote | Comet Wild-2 was once wet | Comets and the Origin of Life is online | Residue from one of Stanley Miller's experiments | ...Viruses contain perhaps the largest collection of unknown genes.... | The Cardiff Centre for Astrobiology is being closed | ...Birth pangs of a paradigm shift | ...No question... | Evidence ...too hastily dismissed | ...Created a stir | Fossilized bacteria in meteorites are obvious JAN-FEB: A two-hour TV program about panspermia... | Industrial yeasts contain genes and clusters of genes not found... | We'll create panspermia.... | A virus integrated into the genomes of humans and great ape males.... | A 23-gene cluster was horizontally transferred among fungi | ...Gene transfer from human host to bacterial pathogen | One-third of the water flea's nearly 31,000 genes are unique | Many genes were "born" on Earth much earlier than expected | Chandra Wickramasinghe has a new article.... | Genes for using oxygen appeared... long before oxygen began accumulating | NASA has found left-handed amino acids in many more carbon-rich meteorites | Many features appear to have originated more than once.... | NASA sees no life on Mars | Nematodes digest cellulose using genes acquired from prokaryotes | Anomalies ...have prompted a major amendment to darwinism | Horizontal gene transfer, or HGT, is a ubiquitous feature of genome evolution....
2 0 1 0	NOV-DEC: ...What level of substitution, we're not sure | ...A pre-adaptation | Other cosmologists claim to see beyond the big bang | Rebuttal - The existence of an aeon preceding our Big Bang | ...Class I RNRs... have spread to archaea and eukaryotes via transfers.... | ...It's not ET | Some bacteria can substitute arsenic for phosphorus | More microbes ...surviving beyond 100,000 years | The human genome contains about 1.8 million recognizable Alu sequence residues | Genetic material derived from all known viral genome types ...can enter the animal germ line | Search This Website | Chandra Wickramasinghe reviews... cometary panspermia | The software problem for the origin of life is not ignored.... SEP-OCT: A layer of organic compounds may give Kuiper-Belt objects their colors | ...suites of genes that you would never expect to find in viral life... | ...Articles from the online Journal of Cosmology | Genes are either very old, or they appear suddenly, without predecessors | Glies 581g may not exist | Microbes in the high atmosphere will be sought by CASS-E | Their only function seems to be transferring genes. | Chances for life on this planet are 100 percent. | ...These LGT events certainly have radically remolded evolutionary trends in recipient organisms.... | Seeking Signs of Life | Eukaryotic genes come from... | Origins, evolution, and phenotypic impact of new genes | Evolutionary origin of HPG? JUN-AUG: Bacteria survived 553 days' exposure to space | A life-detection experiment on Mars... by Gil Levin | More... Indigenous Microfossils in Carbonaceous Meteorites | ...Astrobiology XIII | Sponges have many genes that are used only by more advanced animals.... | Nineteen of the species... had RNA viral sequences embedded in their DNA. | ...Evolution can dial up these microRNAs very flexibly. | ...the possibility of an interplanetary transfer of viable microbes | Life on other worlds in Stephen Hawking's imagination | Infecting microbes can confer parasite resistance | Rosetta flew past the Lutetia planetoid | ...[T]hey rarely changed their minds | New mechanism for how mammals acquire genes | The problem is that the source of novelty is so dammed elusive | The Independent Evolution of Multicellularity | Christopher F. Chyba quoted on origin-of-life theories | ...Anthracene molecules | The hypothesis that an ocean formed on early Mars | What Darwin Got Wrong | A comet may be from another star | Signs of life on Titan? | ...Many of the key genes ...have a much earlier origin. APR-MAY: Nature asked eight experts.... | The SPIE Astrobiology Conference | A conversation with Jeffrey L. Bada | A brief history of panspermia | Past life on Mars is still the best explanation.... | We Are Not Alone | Transposable elements spread between disparate species by hitch-hiking.... | Gene transfer from a fungus to aphids | A dual-function gene is very old | ...A more ancient homology than the 'deep homology' of... (evo-devo) | ...Where life might be found in the universe | The Astrobiology Science Conference 2010 | Germs we eat may supply genes to the microbes in our guts | ...An encoded message in DNA? | How life might travel through space? | Multicelled animals live and multiply without oxygen in the deep ocean | Whole chromosomes can be horizontally transferred.... JAN-MAR: The search for life beyond Earth | ...The more water and ice we discover beyond Earth | Molecular Midwives? | Tanpopo will collect particles in space to test panspermia | Genes ...in our guts are 150 times more numerous than human genes | Thomas Alva Edison | Neil deGrasse Tyson | Extraterrestrial chemodiversity is high .... | We suggest that both ...were derived from ancestral bacterial proteins.... | ...Mars could be tested with a DNA analyzer | Such lateral gene transfers... could be an important source of evolutionary innovation. | Chandra Wickramasinghe reviews the case.... | ...Natural selection has favored both the movement and fixation of these exceptional invasive alleles. | The chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes have undergone wholesale renovation | A sea slug acquired photosynthesis from algae | Comets and the Origin of Life | A gene from a non-retroviral virus has been integrated.... | It doesn't accord with what we would expect.... | Often the majority of people surveyed believe that evolution is not well supported by evidence
2 0 0 9	OCT-DEC: The protein is derived from an exapted DNA transposon | ...Interstellar dust includes a substantial fraction of biomaterial.... | NASA's David S. McKay sends additional information | The giant [Marseillevirus] adopts genes from the other organisms.... | Some microorganisms can survive interplanetary journeys.... | ...the percentage of genes transferred ...could be close to 100% | Life may make the methane on Mars | Ancient life remains the most plausible explanation for... the Mars meteorite | There is no such a thing as a 'simple' bacterium | Butterflies and caterpillars were once separate species? | Deep sea teeming with species that have never known sunlight | ...the bacteria can survive for hundreds, perhaps millions, of years... | 40,000 generations of E. Coli.... | Instead of life originating here on Earth... | These bacteria could survive on another planet | An asteroid covered with frozen water and organic compounds | There are now compelling documentations of horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotes.... JUL-SEP: HGT from multiple sources ...in eukaryotes | TEs are probably as old as life itself | Nearly half of the human genome is derived from (TEs) | The gain and loss of exons has contributed to the evolution of new features | If we didn't know about life we wouldn't believe it | Novel genes from noncoding sequences | "Is There Life on Mars?" on PBS | "The Origin of Life on Earth" in Scientific American | Most of our genes... were transferred from an endosymbiont | ...that this prokaryotic symbiosis could so profoundly shape the evolution of life.... | NASA scientists have discovered glycine.... | ...The source [for Mars' methane] must be 600 times more intense.... | Comets contained oceans of liquid water | Replies from darwinsts | Spermatozoa ...can take up exogenous DNA or RNA | Primate-specific genes were inserted de novo.... | The Earth too, is an island.... | Phobus-Grunt will fly specimens of Earthly life to Mars and back | Astrobiology XII | Sponges don't have a nervous system... but they do have a surprising number of the building blocks APR-JUN: More than 20% of diatom genes were apparently recruited.... | ...Some microbes thrive.... | The tree of life was always a net | A novel bacterium ...may hold clues | ...Metabolically active microbes ...in 111-million-year-old sediments | Formic acid ...on [the Tagish Lake] meteorite. | A brief introduction to panspermia | Astrobiologist Richard Hoover ...in a new short video | anthropologist Eugenie Scott | For prokaryotes, entire metabolic pathways ...could be added.... | This "adaptive" arm ...may be the serendipitous outcome of invading DNA.... | Chevrier quote re: water on Mars | Viral infections can augment the metabolism, immunity, distribution and evolution of their hosts.... | Rivers flowed on Mars more recently.... | ...a unique vertex in Mimivirus, possibly for genome delivery.... | Freeman Dyson thinks panspermia.... | Life is nothing but an electron looking for a place to rest | quote by Thom Germer, NIST | An interview with James Lovelock | Two new complex organic molecules ...toward the center of our galaxy | Microbial life trapped in darkness under ice accounts for the "Blood Falls"... | ...eukaryotes have apparently used horizontal gene transfer extensively... | Stephen Hawking endorses panspermia JAN-MAR: Bacteria rapidly acquire whole metabolic pathways by the horizontal transfer of multiple genes | ...Lateral transfer among eukaryotes and between eukaryotes and bacteria appears to be an on-going and not too infrequent process. | Predominantly left-handed amino acids | Three new species of bacteria... in the upper stratosphere | Lynn Margulis quote | ...The gene has been 'dead' for at least 25 million years.... | Earth seeded with life from Ceres? | HGT ...in the third great domain of life, the eukaryotes. | James Lovelock's The Vanishing Face of Gaia | ...almost all of their major evolution took place before we have any record of them | Russia plans ...a round-trip to Phobos in October | ...these changes allow bacterial transcription factors to incorporate newly acquired genes into ancestral regulatory circuits.... | ...genes of viral origin are used by eukaryotes.... | ...Living microbes could have survived... | Liquid water on Phoenix lander's leg? | Mosquito survives in outer space | Titan's atmospheric methane requires a source | The placula already had all the genes necessary... | Lignin has been found in marine algae | Nonretroviral RNA viruses may have contributed more substantially and directly .... | Methane plumes on Mars may come from life | Methane has been detected in the plume of Enceladus | Latent evolutionary potential was realized soon after environmental limitations were removed.
2 0 0 8	OCT-DEC: Retroviral genome invasions... continue to the present day. | Maybe heat-loving prokaryotes are not the oldest form of life | How ancient organic molecules ...form the basis of life? | Organic compounds can also be a by-product of life processes | Glycolaldehyde 26,000 light-years away | The discovery answers an age-old question | Huge glaciers buried under debris on Mars | new hosting company | Life has a role in the origin of minerals | ...Borrowing a couple of genes.... | Only a Theory | Horizontal transfer (HT) of DNA transposons.... | On Mars, plumes of methane.... | Hundreds of genes from bacteria are found in diatom genomes | Residue from one of Stanley Miller's experiments.... | A short video about pseudo-panspermia | Three more early works by Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramasinghe AUG-SEP: Syvanen quote about HGT | Woodstock of evolution? | The virophage ...mediating lateral gene transfer between giant viruses | ...Multiple independently acquired genes.... | Tardigrades survived ten days in space | Proofs That Life Is Cosmic | ...Genomic complexity was present very early on.... | Sponges don't have nerve cells.... | The origin of new genes in ...fruitflies | Something is missing in our understanding of how evolution produced complex creatures | Finding perchlorates ...on Mars | The potential for life on Mars | ...Martian water has been touched and tasted | ...at least 81 ± 15% of the genes ...were involved in lateral gene transfer JUN-JUL: The number of cases of HGT involving eukaryotes is now so great... | We don’t have a clue | What'sNEW cover page | The Design Matrix | Current methods of gene sequence alignment are error-prone | Multicelled animals use a three-part molecular toolkit | Vertebrate and jellyfish eyes use similar genes | Proof of water ice on Mars | Panspermia is considered in depth | Another attempt to advance the Evolution Prize | Organic compounds in the early solar system | We will see organics, for sure | Cloned bacteria evolved an unexpected feature | Prokaryotic life in Earth’s deep dark ocean.... | ...Explaining the universe? APR-MAY: How a virus became a retroposon | Caltech reconsiders life on Mars | Astrobiology Society of Britain | Arthur C. Clarke... | Richard Dawkins endorses panspermia | YouTube videos about panspermia | Placental genes have ancient origins | Earth's first animal... | The 5th Astrobiology Science Conference | Wickramasinghe interview | The origin of eukaryotic RNA polymerases? JAN-MAR: An amino-acid-like molecule.... | Microbial life inside Enceladus? | Bdelloid rotifers | Methane and water, but no carbon monoxide.... | Could an ocean on Titan contain life? | Viruses serve as gene banks for ecosystems?! | Meteorites with the highest observed concentrations of amino acids.... | Instead of sweeping uncertainty under the rug.... | The ...cosmic biosphere | A carbonaceous meteorite collected in Antarctica.... | The hypothesis... is plausible | An intuitively unlikely evolutionary event has... occurred at least twice.... | All scientific theories are subject to revision | More metazoan genes came before metazoa | Red Rain ...has historical precedents | SPIE's 11th Astrobiology Conference | Did meteors cause ...Biodiversification Event? | Did life begin on a radioactive beach? | Extrasolar planets | ...Only rarely have phylogenetic studies of morphology and DNA data agreed.... | A sudden diversification of life....
2 0 0 7	OCT-DEC: Do thawing glaciers speed up evolution? | Ancestor ...molecularly complex | Shuttle experiment to study effects of space on bacterial spores | Eukaryotic phylogeny better represented by a network | Use a credit card to purchase books | Lateral gene transfer – NSF | Darwin might be surprised | Surprises come from... fruitfly genomes | Ancient retroviruses spurred evolution of gene regulatory networks... | We could have alien origins | You can think of the genome as a revolving door | The Desaguadero Meteorite | New genetic functions arise when selection is imposed on a minor side function... | Cosmology ...isn't a science JUL-SEP: The genomes of 17 species of fungi | A meteorite caused illness? | Lateral gene transfer... between bacteria and multicellular organisms.... | Varying environments can speed up evolution | When I repeated the Viking experiments... | The genome of the sea anemone... | The great obstacle... | Comets are much more likely than Earth... | The Limits of Organic Life... | Evolution is recycling | New web host MAY-JUN: Yawning gaps.... | The Edge of Evolution by Michael Behe | Liquid water on the surface of Mars?! | ...with a surprising assist from genetic elements usually derided as mere junk. | Superficially unrelated articles in Nature | A Simpler Origin for Life | The genetic and developmental toolkit...was around... | ...Ionizing radiation significantly enhances the growth of fungi.... | ...The focus has shifted | E.O. Wilson thinks panspermia is likely | ...Durability could enable haloarchaea to survive the period of deep-space travel.... JAN-APR: How did life on Earth originate? | I felt sick to my stomach | ...The movement of plant genes... involves a complex web.... | All retroviruses are very old | More about gene transfer | ...a revision of such concepts as ...evolution itself. | ...methane lakes on Titan | ...The bacteria ...could exist on other planets | ...It is vital that there be ...intermediaries | Viking experiments are reinterpreted
2 0 0 6	NOV-DEC: Many genes... have been in the tree of life... | We humans are embedded in a microbial world | Water still flows on Mars?! | Human genes contain duplicated sequences | Evolutionary Dynamics, by Nowak | Zolensky quote | Acquisition of an advantageous gene? | Stanford book review | Dawkins quote | Chandra on BBC | Sea urchin has unnecessary genes | The Making of the Fittest | Harvard's Origins of Life program JUL-OCT: Did Viking find life on Mars? | Bacteria deep underground subsist on radioactivity | 'Jumping genes' are now regarded as major players | Can plants overwrite unhealthy genes? | Deinococcus | What rhodopsin is doing.... | Conference on Cosmic Dust and Panspermia | A gene left behind... | The Evolution Prize | ...They hold a reserve of genetic information | Wickramasinghe quote | Life may have arrived from outer space... | A life-bearing planet could seed a galaxy | Chandra Wickramasinghe discusses the red rain | The case for life on Earth 3.8 billion years ago | Segmental duplications MAY-JUN: Conference on Cosmic Dust and Panspermia | Viruses' diversity and promiscuity | Bats and horses | Novel genes derived from noncoding DNA | Early life... was already diverse | Galaxies theoretically young look old | Blowflies were preadapted | Another Intelligent Design Theory | Robert Shapiro on the RNA World | NASA's Astrobiology program | ...Many more genes in the viral world | The structure of a bacterial enzyme that inserts mobile gene cassettes | Organic matter in meteorites is extraterrestrial and ancient | New primate gene | Genes undergo rapid mutation and selection immediately after transfer | Once one planet comes down with life.... MAR-APR: Darwinian fundamentalism | Pristine meteorite samples | The Evolution Prize | Astrobiology broadens exobiology | Microbes produced methane on Earth 3.5 billion years ago | Irreducible complexity solved! | ...Eukaryotic Transposable Elements | Viruses And The Evolution Of Life | Blumberg quote | Earthly bacteria | Paradigm shift for evolution among prokaryotes | Fire and ice | Wet Enceladus | Endogenous proviruses JAN-FEB: Can Viruses Make Us Human? | Retroposed genes have contributed to human evolution | Why has there has been so little change? | Splicesomal introns | Ohio biology students | Researchers evolve a complex genetic trait? | Origin-of-life theory comes up short | AbSciCon 2006 | UK Astrobiology Conference | Evidence for life on Mars from Nakhla | A cell requires 430 genes | Gerda Horneck | A toxin in spiders and bacteria | More survivors of Columbia | ...Replicable and predictable | Evan Eichler | Stardust landed safely | A dust storm couldn't have caused the red rain
2 0 0 5	OCT-DEC: "Evolution in Action" | A dust storm caused the red rain? | CA website reviewed | Building blocks of life orbiting a Sun-like star | US Court: ID not science | Life as We Do Not Know It | Simple animals have complex genes | Microbes can hunker down | Transformation and conjugation | Marine worm has complex genes | Gene transfer, not duplication | Fred Hoyle remembered | Plant virus changes vectors | Photosynthesis genes in a marine virus | Lichens survive in space | The Scientific Legacy of Fred Hoyle | Mars methane not from volcanoes | Hyperion's craters | The origin of novelty | Panspermia reconsidered | Wilma | Michael Behe testified | Dione | Britten quote | Tethys photographed by Cassini | Organic chemicals common in space | More about Deep Impact JUL-SEP: The chimp genome | Common bacteria share an infinite gene pool?! | Protein families from ancient templates | Prokaryote genomes reveal transfer | New book about the origin of life | Website navigation for HGT | Frost et al. quote | ...All the genes for building those complex animals existed.... | Deep frozen water in Ceres | Organics inside comet Tempel 1 | Schools should teach creationism? | More than 80 new exons... | Fred Hoyle remembered | Parallel evolution in fruitflies | Mirror life? | President Bush | Gene transfer in fungi | Cosmic organics | Rocco Mancinelli | Frozen water and methane on Mars | World Summit on Evolution | A new microbial tree of life APR-JUN: "Gene duplication..." | Degrees in astrobiology at Arizona | Books about Hoyle | Mars' methane not from life? | NASA and LITU | 3rd Alternative | The key to early eye evolution? | Conference at McMaster University | Jumping genes may be a headache... | Sagan quote | Report on NAI Conference | Lithopanspermia... | The 5th European Workshop on Astrobiology | Darwin-at-Home | Organics in Titan's high atmosphere | Book by Hubert Yockey | Jeffrey Bada is optimistic | Grinspoon re: Titan | Methane from life on Mars? | Astrobiology in Scotland | Brown stain in Genesis... | Chandra Wickramasinghe's scientific autobiography JAN-MAR: Micro-organisms could be transported | Very old life questioned | Plants can overwrite unhealthy genes | Fresh-looking snow on Mars | Life’s Solution | Astrobiology IX | A frozen ocean on Mars today? | Woese quote | Pre-existing genetic programs...? | Prokaryote to eukaryote gene transfer | Bacteria frozen for 30,000 years | Only 13% of adults | Duplication makes a new primate gene | Formaldehyde on Mars | Fitness Landscapes | Ernst Mayr died | Complex early genes | Moss grew in a spiral | Huygens landed on Titan | Venter endorses panspermia | Genes from retroviruses | Gaia's History | Gene exchange among archaebacteria
2 0 0 4	NOV-DEC: Methane on Mars | Plastid Portability | Genes for religion? | A history of astrobiology | Microbes survived... | Panspermia and life on Mars | Evolution vs creationism on CNN | Wordcount | A new fruitfly gene | Methane on Mars | Human genes composed mainly of mobile elements | Apollo 12 | Evidence that 1,183 human genes were "born" | Vertebrate photoreceptor cells in a primitive invertebrate | Plant-to-plant gene transfer | Other theories of evolution?! | Ekers quote | The birth of a new gene | Was Darwin Wrong? | NASA Astrobiology Institute members' meeting JUL-OCT: Knoll quote | Pack-MULE transposable elements... | A diatom genome has been sequenced | Cassini flew by Titan | Liquid water on comets? | A discussion of the Intelligent Design movement | Fungi from deep sea sediments revive | Eukaryote-to-eukaryote lateral gene transfer | Retroelements that confer a selective advantage | Chandra Wickramasinghe comments on sugar in space | Nova explains the origin of life | An article promoting Intelligent Design | Water vapor and methane... in Mars' lower atmosphere | Halobacteria repair DNA | The ring of life! | Gene transfer among eukaryotes | Changing spots on Mars | Microfossils in a meteorite | More about photosynthesis by gene transfer | 100 years old, Ernst Mayr... | Big bang predictions are not upheld APR-JUN: Klyce quote | ...Stardust sees organic matter at comet Wild 2 | Knockout mice leave ultraconserved regions unexplained | More animal genes came from bacteria | Darwinism, Design, and Public Education | Organics in planet-forming discs | Microbes have stolen some of our genes! | Ultraconserved elements | Ehrlich quote | Viruses old as life? | Thanks, SETI League | Planetary protection officer | Mars may have life today | Darlington quote | The rat genome | "Can we ever hope...?" | Methane on Mars JAN-MAR: Isotope tests inconclusive | Wolfram quote | Stratospheric bacteria to be analyzed | Meridiani Planum was wet | Rosetta launched | Nature notices panspermia | Evolution caught in the act? | Chirality from space? | Big bang revised again? | Nonliving to living? | Astrobiology free! | Small comet caused global chill? | 8th International Conference of Bioastronomy | Organelles transfer genes | The case for past life on Mars | "Opportunity" returns pictures | "Spirit" malfunction | Extraterrestrial genes cause extinction? | Microevolutionary processes sufficient? | Complex organics in interstellar dust confirmed | Isotope analysis of stratospheric bacteria is postponed | Rover "Spirit" bounced safely onto Mars | Stardust sailed safely by comet Wild 2
2 0 0 3	OCT-DEC: Stress can increase horizontal gene transfer | Infrared telescope sees hydrocarbons | Coral contains many sequences resembling vertebrate genes | 3rd Astrobiology Conference | CNGs more numerous, better conserved than genes | Microorganisms may have spread throughout the galaxy | Water flowed on Mars for long times | Europe's Mars sample return mission | Napier quote | More changing spots on Mars | Mudflows on Mars | Amino acids in meteorites | The red rain of Kerala | Origin of the word "panspermia" | NAI Virus Focus Group | Genetic "fault zones" | As the burgeoning genome databases are analysed | Ward quote | NASA will explore comets for clues about the origin of life AUG-SEP: LLNL will measure isotope ratios in bacteria from the high atmosphere | A river in Spain may model Mars' environment | Freezing cold Mars could have supported life | Galileo will crash into Jupiter | Theological implications of life elsewhere | Oceans on Venus for two billion years? | Harold quote | Earth's water from comets? | Panspermia possible | Could alien pathogens wreak havoc? | Goldman quote | How wet was Mars? | Photosynthesis genes in a virus | Gene transfer, wholesale? | Just balls of protein? MAY-JUL: SETI looks at panspermia | More genes seem to precede the need for themselves | Gene transfer in evolution | NASA launches second Mars Rover | Introns | Commentary on Viking | Internet chat | Horizontal gene transfer | Live online chat | Mars Express on the way | Mud flows on Mars? | Computer model evolves complex functions? | More about Huygens | Revisiting the Miller Experiment MAR-APR: SARS from space? | Point mutations vs rearrangements | WSJ looks at cosmology | Gould's account of macroevolution | Titan's methane biological? | Mars' changing spots biological? | More: fresh streaks on Mars | Here Be Dragons | Nanobacteria | Wales TV features Chandra | Water flowing on Mars now? | More on TEs | New target for Rosetta | What Evolution Is JAN-FEB: TEs contribute to human evolution | Humanoid gene arose abruptly? | Amino acids in Murchison | Small gullies on Mars | Closed-system biological experiment | UK Astrobiology Forum | Discussion of panspermia | Genes from plants | NASA Astrobiology Institute | Evolving Inventions | Wingless insects re-evolved wings | Rosetta Update | Duplicated genes serve backup functions | Horizontal gene transfer | Rosetta cancelled | How bacterium resists radiation | Microbes in ancient ocean crust | Microorganisms in Europa's ice?
2 0 0 2	OCT-DEC: No evolutionary progress in a closed system! | Life's Origin | Radioactivity and water support bacteria | Germs in high atmosphere | The Economist on bioinformatics | Meteorite with organic globules | Mars Updates | More on chimps - humans - viruses | Bacteria could survive | Photosynthesis by gene transfer | Universe full of microbes | CIDA not miscalibrated | Bacteria survive impacts | Cyanobacteria not so old? | Iris Fry | Biastronomy 2002 | Europan lava lamp? | Paul Davies | Thick / thin ice on Europa | Life on distant moons reconsidered JUL-SEP: Ice falls from atmosphere | Bacteria in atmosphere of Venus? | Bacteria evolved on Mars? | Water on extrasolar planets? | Progress Redefined | Conference anticipates Stardust | Titan a puzzle | Cosmic smog | CONTOUR probably doomed | Survival by gene sharing | CONTOUR lost? | NASA reinforces case for biological magnetites | Chimps to humans by viruses? | Mars sample return? | RNA World: the latest | Glycine in space | Microbe fossil search on Moon? | Mouse vs Human | Acquiring Genomes APR-JUN: New journals | Lots of water on Mars! | New amino acid | Astronomy Now: Life from space? | Magnetites nonbiological? | Lateral DNA Transfer | Bet on sustainable evolutionary progress? | HERVs = c. 8% of human genome | Universe always existed? | Hoyle Conference JAN-MAR: Microbes in high atmosphere | Plant gene in a worm | Magnetites in ALH84001 | LPSC in Houston | Tardigrades | Correction | Recent Mars floods | Microbes survive pressure | Macroevolution demonstration | Europan tides and life | 33rd LPSC | Changing dark spots on Mars | Methanogenic archaea | Bacteria survive in space
2 0 0 1	SEP-DEC: Research funding in 2002 | Gene for multcellularity in protist | Sugar in meteorites | Astrobiology conference | Was Mars all wet? | Bacteria color Europa? | Research at Oklahoma | Deadalus | 70,000 human genes? | Funds available | Genome research | Mars sample return | Deep Space 1 | NASA Conference | Plankton rain supplies genes | Mars' dark spots JUL-AUG: ESA seeks water on Mars | Tagish Lake a D asteroid? | Farmer testifies | Bioastronomy 2002 | Fred Hoyle dies | Pseudo-panspermia | Fungi too old | San Diego | Viking | NATO Institute | Boiling comets | The moon | Nanobes | SETI | CONSERT MAY-JUN: Adaptive mutation? | Life Everywhere | Europa | Mars meteorite water | Transpermia | DNA of revived bacteria | Astrobiology IV | Mars quarantine | European workshop | Eukaryote-to-prokaryote evolution | Macquarie Workshop | LINEAR | European Workshop | Contamination | Wickramasinghe | Italians culture bacteria | Museum of Natural History MAR-APR: Mars Odyssey | Tagish Lake | Carbon dioxide gullies? | Giant comet | British mission | Comet ice? | Meteors could carry life? | Intronless paralogs | Nature features astrobiology | Hale-Bopp still active | 32nd LPSC | Simulated meteorite impact | Influenza and sunspots JAN-FEB: Mars bacteria | Organics in comets | Mass extinction 250 mya | Distant dust | LGT in archaea | Human genome | Viking biology experiments | Where to land | Jupiter-like planets | NASA scientists find clues? | Terraforming Mars? | Meteorites in Antarctica | Liquid water 4.4 bya
2 0 0 0	* In the articles indexed below, links to external print or web references open in the same browser window (use "Back" to return to referring page.) In the articles indexed above, and elsewhere on this website, external links open in a new window (close window to return.) NOV-DEC: Ganymede ocean | Mutation doubles lifespan | Magnetotactic bacteria | Liquid water on Mars? | Indian balloon | Lake beds on Mars? | Lunar meteorites | Panspermia | Progress in Evolution? | TNA World | ESA on Mars | Organics in Leonids | Gene Duplication | Mars bacteria in salt crystals? | Cardiff Astrobiology Center | Methane without oil SEP-OCT: Panspermia reconsidered | NASA's Mars program | Microorganisms from the Moon | Kuiper-belt objects | NASA's Chris McKay | 250 Million-year-old bacteria revived | Genetic regions transferred | Tagish Lake meteorite | Isolated giant planets | NASA's Mars plan | Prions | Organic Pigments on Mars? | Stardust results | Underground ice on Mars? | Stardust | by Gribbin | OSETI features panspermia | ESA's Beagle 2 | NASA's planetary protection JUL-AUG: Tagish Lake meteorite | New website | Europa ocean | Bacteria in clouds | James Lovelock | Water on Mars | Meteoritical Society | Water vapor in space | Microscope aboard Mars Express | Twin rovers to Mars | Indestructable germs | Germs survive rocket ride | Mars announcememt | Introns' homing capability | Comet formation | Microtubules in space | ESA's detects CH3 | Deep Space 1 | New by Hoyle and Wickramasinghe | Bacteria at South Pole | Creationism vs Darwinism | Gas made gullies? | Europa missions MAY-JUN: Water on Mars | Gullies and brackish water on Mars | Sugar in space | NYT article | Salt in Zag | Argon in Hale-Bopp | Mayr interview | Tagish Lake Meteorite | Beagle 2 | Viral enzyme integrates plasmids into human DNA | Online review of theories | Cosmology by Hoyle et al. | Rhythms in Viking data | Bacterial HGT | Nanobacteria conference | Reverse panspermia? MAR-APR: Stardust captures organic compounds | Low-Cost Planetary Missions | Nanobacteria | Lederberg's microbial biosphere | Conference Reports | Contamination | DNA Virus Contribution to Host Evolution | NASA's Astrobiology Conference | Carolina Bays | Mars mission failures | Extraterrestrial gases in a sediment layer | Life on Europa | Mars sample return postponed | JAN's Yukon meteorite | Soybean experiments in space | Increase in cratering rate | Organics traces overlooked? | Tatahouine microfossils biological | Carbonaceous asteroid observed | Richfield essay | NASA may crash Galileo | Zhmur says fossils not contaminants JAN-FEB: Viral gene serves human function | Stardust | HGT targets germ cells | Contamination! | Murchison microfossils | Stardust collects dust | Life above Vostok | CONTOUR | NEAR orbits Eros | Wickramasinghe and DiGregorio | New Mars meteorites | Russia to Mars in 2005 | Fossils in meteorites | Ecosystem on Europa? | Yukon meteor blast | HGT in Scientific American | Influenza and sunspots? | Adenine made in interstellar clouds? | Synthesis of organic molecules in space | Meteorite-seeking robot | Tower of Babel | Hardy bacteria | Europa's ocean | Mars meteorite's magnetites | NASA will host conference | Charon's spectrum
1 9 9 9	DEC: Manmade meteorites | Astrobiology forum | Intelligent Design | Lord Kelvin | Europa | Deinococcus radiodurans | Microbes living in ancient ice | Minimal life | Mars ocean | Transgenes in germ-line | Germs in Mars samples? | Silence from Mars Polar Lander | Snowball Earth OCT-NOV: Tunguska explosion by comet? | GECCO-2000 | NASA's CCA | Genetic engineers use viruses | Ancestors Martian? | Human Genome | Dark Life | Habitable moons | Horizontal Gene Transfer | Fish fossils in Lower Cambrian | Does Microevolution Explain Macroevolution? | Comets' black nuclei | Life Beyond Earth | Internet resource | Blood protein from digestive enzyme | The Fate of Life | Florida Today | Retroviruses appear ancient | No water after Moon crash | Microbes survive in space AUG-SEP: Sulfuric acid on Europa | Nanorover to explore asteroid | Experimental evolution | Mars Orbiter presumed lost | Evolutionary Progress? | Europa's Ocean | Liquid water in another meteorite | Viruses deep under ice | Liquid water in meteorite | DNA biocrystallization | The Deep Hot Biosphere by Gold | Mathematics of Evolution by Hoyle | Stardust Update | Computer model of evolution | Kansas drops evolution JUN-JUL: Seeding the Universe | Conference postponed | Fossilized bacteria | Science features evolution | Deep Impact | Planets in interstellar space? | Mars Express | How comets and meteors seeded life on Earth | Example of microevolution APR-MAY: Stardust | Baruch Blumberg | Mars map | Siberia | Bacteria acquire toxicity from viruses | Mars cyclone confirms water | Blumberg to lead NAI | Dan Goldin | Planetary Dreams | LaMarck's Signature | Tectonic plates on Mars | Popper's criterion | SOLIS | Cytosine unlikely | Astrobiology II | Computer model of a cell | Virus as a shuttle vector JAN-MAR: Other Mars meteorites | LINE-1s | Ad Astra | Human genome 1% HERVs | Problem not missing fossils | NASA finds clues? | It Came from Outer Space | New evidence for old life | NASA launches Stardust | Balloon experiment | Molecular clocks | Bioastronomy Conference | Astrobiology Roadmap | Mission to Mars
1 9 9 8	NOV-DEC: PAHs in diffuse interstellar bands | Caenorhabditis elegans genome | Intron installed over 1,000 times | Consensus for Mars microbes weakening | Astrobiology Institute | Integration mechanism inserts genes JUL-OCT: Genes too old | Chlamidia... has 35 eukaryotic genes | Callisto has underground ocean? | Hale-Bopp active | Fossilized bacterium in Orgueil | Immune system by transposon insertion | NYAS conference on HGT | Woese says HGT important | David McKay defends ALH84001 evidence APR-JUN: Life deep in ice | Case for small comets | Ponding on Mars? | Hematite deposits on Mars | Genes older than fossils | Gene uptake system | Tatahouine meteorite | Mars rock formation by microbes? | Water vapour on Titan | Astrobiology Institute JAN-MAR: Horizontal gene transfer | Red and gray K-b objects | 29th LPSC | Life in ancient ice | Europa images | Gaia society | Desert varnish on Mars | Safe handling of Mars samples | France may help sample Mars
9 7	SEP-DEC: Horizontal gene transfer | NASA's Galileo spacecraft | 1998 Astrobiology conference | Scepticism about tiny comets | Nanofossils in ALH84001 | Integration of non retroviral RNA virus into eukaryotic DNA | Mars may still support life | NASA approves comet sample return | Guth says universe(s) eternal | Amino acids in Murchison | Mars: The Living Planet | Amino acids in Murchison not contaminants

COSMIC ANCESTRY | Quick Guide | Site Search | What'sNEW - Index | by Brig Klyce | All Rights Reserved